Three common classifications of CNC machine tools

CNC lathe is one of the widely used CNC machine tools at present. It is mainly used for cutting inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of shaft or disc parts, inner and outer conical surfaces with arbitrary cone angles, complex rotating inner and outer surfaces, and cylindrical and conical threads. It can also perform cutting, drilling, expanding, reaming, and boring.

Numerical control machine tools automatically process the machined parts according to pre programmed machining programs. We write the machining process route, process parameters, tool motion trajectory, displacement, cutting parameters, and auxiliary functions of the parts into a machining program sheet according to the instruction code and program format specified by the CNC machine tool. Then, we record the contents of this program sheet on the control medium and input it into the CNC device of the CNC machine tool to command the machine tool to process the parts.

CNC machine tools can be classified according to three principles: motion control trajectory, servo control mode, and CNC system functional level:

1. Motion control trajectory

Numerical control machine tools with point control mainly include CNC drilling machines, CNC Milling machines, CNC punching machines, etc.

Linear control CNC machine tools: mainly include relatively simple CNC lathes, CNC Milling machines, CNC grinders, etc.

Contour control CNC machine tools: mainly including CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, CNC Wire Cutting machines, machining centers, etc.

2. Servo control mode

Open loop control CNC machine tools, closed-loop control machine tools (fully closed-loop control, semi closed-loop control), hybrid control CNC machine tools (open-loop compensation type, semi closed-loop compensation type).

3. Functional level of CNC system

Metal cutting CNC machine tools: ordinary CNC machine tools, machining centers.

Metal forming CNC machine tools: Common ones include CNC presses, CNC bending machines, CNC pipe bending machines, CNC spinning machines, etc.

Special processing CNC machine tools: mainly including CNC wire cutting machines, CNC EDM forming machines, CNC flame cutting machines, CNC laser processing machines, etc.

Measurement and drawing CNC machine tools: mainly including coordinate measuring instruments, CNC tool presetters, CNC plotters, etc.